Tobacco and its environmental impact: an overview

Contents
Foreword by Dr Oleg Chestnov, WHO Assistant Director-General v
Foreword by Dr Vera Luiza da Costa e Silva, Head of the WHO FCTC Secretariat vi
Foreword by Ahmad Mukhtar, Economist, Food and Agriculture Organization viii
Acknowledgements ix
Abbreviations xi
Executive summary xii
Introduction 1
1 Tobacco growing and curing: impact on land and agriculture 4
1.1 Agrochemical use 4
1.2 Deforestation and land degradation 5
1.3 Farmers’ livelihoods and health 8
2 Manufacturing and distributing tobacco products 11
2.1 Measurement 11
2.2 Voluntary corporate social responsibility versus regulation 12
2.3 Types of environmental costs 13
2.4 Resource use 14
2.5 Carbon dioxide (CO2) pollution 17
2.6 Transport 17
2.7 Use of plastics as packaging material 18
2.8 Solutions 19
3 Consumption 20
3.1 Tobacco smoke composition and emissions 20
3.2 Third-hand smoke pollution 22
4 Post-consumer waste 24
4.1 Reducing harm caused by tobacco product waste 24
4.2 Product waste 26
4.3 Waste disposal (landfill) 27
4.4 Recycled waste disposal 27
4.5 Hazardous waste 27

* WHO에서 발간한 자료로, 자세한 내용은 첨부파일을 참조하십시오.

4.6 Environmental manufacturing goals 27